Environmental justice is best defined as?

Environmental justice is defined as the equitable treatment and involvement of all people in environmental decision-making processes, regardless of race, ethnicity, income, or any other demographic characteristics. This concept emphasizes the importance of ensuring that no group of people, especially marginalized or disadvantaged communities, faces a disproportionate negative impact from environmental hazards or policies.

The correct answer highlights the principle that everyone should have equal access to a healthy environment and the opportunity to participate in environmental policies. It recognizes the historical disparities that have often led to certain groups bearing the brunt of environmental degradation and the importance of addressing these inequities.

The other options do not align with the comprehensive goals of environmental justice. Focusing solely on environmental protection neglects the social and equity components of the issue. Addressing only the needs of affluent communities ignores the broader populations that often face greater environmental risks. Limiting environmental laws to governmental agencies undermines community involvement and grassroots advocacy, which are vital for achieving true environmental justice.