Which of the following is a notable factor contributing to soil erosion?

Deforestation is a notable factor contributing to soil erosion because it involves the removal of trees and vegetation that play a crucial role in holding soil together with their root systems. When trees are cut down or removed, the protective cover over the soil is lost, making it more susceptible to erosion from wind and water. Without this natural barrier, rainwater can easily wash away the topsoil, leading to decreased soil fertility, loss of nutrients, and increased sedimentation in nearby waterways.

In contrast, increased rainfall might intensify erosion, but it is not a direct cause like deforestation. Flood control measures are generally implemented to reduce soil erosion and manage water flow, while urban greening initiatives aim to improve soil health and mitigate erosion through tree planting and vegetation cover. Hence, deforestation stands out as a direct contributor to soil erosion, making it the most significant factor in this context.